Water resources are fast diminishing world wide and the quality of the available water has also deteriorated over time. There is a need to conserve this important natural resource through education, training, technology driven systems approach, etc. Israel and some other countries have done pioneering work in the area of desert development technologies. The Ben Gurion University in Israel has developed technologies for conservation of water in irrigation, particularly the drip irrigation systems. In India, some companies have taken know how from Israel for the production of drip irrigation systems.Further, rapid developments have taken place in integrated computer based sensors and associated wireless systems. By developing wireless sensor systems, a higher level of sensor technology is possible. Tissue culture and biotechnology have revolutionised the development of new variety of plants, etc. Thus there is a need to develop advanced technologies in this area for conservation of water, energy etc. and improve productivity.